PATOLOGÍAS DEL PAVIMENTO ASFÁLTICO
PATOLOGÍAS DEL PAVIMENTO ASFÁLTICO
De los procesos de rehabilitación de una edificación, la evaluación y el diagnóstico constituye el paso quizá más importante puesto que de acuerdo con su definición vendrá la decisión de la intervención. Acertar en el diagnóstico representa el éxito de la inversión y por supuesto en la solución de las patologías causantes del problema.
No resulta fácil definir una metodología expresa y única para realizar la evaluación y diagnóstico contrario a lo que se sucede por ejemplo en el caso del diseño estructural de una edificación nueva, donde se sigue un flujo coherente y sistemático con mayor o menor énfasis en algunas etapas dependiendo de las características propias del edificio en particular.
Por otro lado, para la evaluación de patologías en estructuras de concreto no resulta fácil señalar una indicación única para la interpretación de un deterioro en particular ya sea por la presencia de una fisura, deterioro, mancha o anormalidad. Una misma manifestación de daño en un caso puede interpretarse asociada a una causa que puede variar en circunstancias diferentes dentro de la mecánica estructural.
Por ejemplo, una fisura asociada a la flexión puede en un caso significar falta de acero de refuerzo por diseño deficiente aunque en otros casos puede asociarse a la presencia de una sobrecarga.
La inapropiada interpretación del funcionamiento estructural puede llevar a un equivocado diagnóstico y por lo mismo a unos inadecuados procesos de intervención como sucede por ejemplo con la dilatación que se forma en una placa de entrepiso en el denominado sector de la plataforma, derivado del normal comportamiento estructural tomado en cuenta las recomendaciones geotécnicas y lo previsto en el diseño estructural cuando se decide independizar cada sector estructural tanto en el tipo de cimiento como en el resto de la estructura.
De allí resulta la necesidad de señalar algunos criterios muy claros que permitan apoyar la labor del diagnóstico como vía para la mejor interpretación de los daños presente en una edificación particular para lo cual comentaremos las que a nuestro juicio deben considerarse importantes.
TIPOS DE INSPECCIÓN
Dependiendo de la circunstancia que haya causado la realización de la inspección a un inmueble, se hará necesario desarrollar a menor o mayor profundidad una evaluación que permita comprender la naturaleza de las afectaciones.
En cualquier caso se requiere suficientes conocimientos y criterio de parte del profesional que efectúa la evaluación puesto que de la fundamentación y responsabilidad de sus apreciaciones podrán derivarseprocesos de mayor o menor intervención con los consiguientes efectos sobre la edificación.
Así queda claro que la inspección de una estructura es una tarea compleja que requiere destrezas y conocimientos sobre los materiales y el comportamiento estructural. La observación y análisis permiten determinar las causas de las manifestaciones de daño que pocas veces se encuentran de manera evidente y las más cuando se trata de una combinación de circunstancias.
La aparición de patologías de distinta naturaleza obliga la presencia en el inmueble de uno o varios profesionales capacitados para tales fines con suficiente idoneidad para evaluar y diagnosticar la naturaleza del daño.
Lo anterior quiere decir que ante la evidencia del daño se realiza la inspección siendo esta metodología utilizada en casos cuando probablemente los daños pueden comprometer algunas de las condiciones propias de los elementos estructurales tales como la resistencia, estabilidad, durabilidad entre otras.
Surge entonces la necesidad de realizar distintos tipos de inspecciones de acuerdo a la necesidad que se tenga para evaluar la prevención o el daño. Esta es una metodología que solo las condiciones propias del inmueble en consideración puede definir la prevalencia de una o varias de ellas. De acuerdo con el alcance que se desee señalar en una investigación, podemos distinguir las siguientes clases de inspección que desarrollaremos enseguida:
- *Inspección Preliminar – Inspección Detallada
*Inspección Especial e
*Inspección Rutinaria o de mantenimiento.
👇 COMPARTE Y LUEGO DESCARGA AQUI ABAJO 👇
Las Patologias, es un gran tema…..que muchos profesionales tratan de ignorarlo, sacrifican la calidad de obra, por maximizar sus utilidades, proyecto con muchas deficiencias, obras con controles casi cero,,,,la supervision es solo un saludo a la bandera……pocos son los profesionale que tienen etica profesional y una moral muy alta….la mayoria ve…..utilidades..cuanto debe de ganar….
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